A ÃÆ' public tablissement ÃÆ' caractÃÆ'¨re industriel et commercial or EPIC is a public business category in France. These include entities controlled by industrial or commercial countries, including some research institutes and infrastructure operators. Some former French colonies, such as Algeria and Burkina Faso, also use this term for such institutions.
The EPIC was first recognized as a special form of public institution by the Court of Arbitration (Tribunal des Conflits) lawsuit in 1921. In accordance with art. 34 of the French Constitution, they can only be made by law.
Not every company whose capital is held by a state or a state-owned entity is EPIC. EPIC is under a special law that does not apply to companies under private company law, even if the company's capital is held by the state.
Video Établissement public à caractère industriel et commercial
List of EPICs in France
Current
- Basel-Mulhouse Airport
- The Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), the energy research institute
- Ifremer, "French Research Institute for Marine Exploitation", an oceanographic institution
- The Institute for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) French Institute for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety
- National institute for environmental and industrial risk (Ineris), French institute for industrial environment and risk
- National laboratory of metrology and tests, standard laboratory
- Paris Mint, French mint authority
- NFB, national forest services
- ONERA, aerospace lab
- Paris National Opera
- RATP
- France Railroad Network (RFF), national railway infrastructure company
- SNCF, French National Railway Company
- French Water Channel (VNF), inland waterway authority
- ENSCI-The Workshop, industrial design school
- French Campus
- Center for International Cooperation for Agricultural Research for Development, CIRAD, Research Institute
EPIC Training
Former public service operations that have been turned into companies that are governed by private law include:
- AÃÆ' Â © roports de Paris (ADP)
- EDF, national power company
- GDF, national gas company
- Seita, a former tobacco monopoly
Maps Établissement public à caractère industriel et commercial
Legal basis in an external document from Legifrance
- Disposition gÃÆ' Â © nÃÆ' Â © rales allows aux ÃÆ' Â © tablissements du secteur public
- RÃÆ' Â © gime comptable des ÃÆ' Â © tablissements publish ÃÆ' caractÃÆ'¨re industriel et commercial
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments