Colombian National Police (Spanish: PolicÃÆ'a Nacional de Colombia ) is Colombia's national police force. Although the National Police is not part of the Colombian Military Forces (Army, Navy and Air Force), it includes with them "Public Power" and is also controlled by the Ministry of Defense. Unlike many countries that use tiered law enforcement systems, the National Police is the only civilian police force in Colombia. The official function of the troops is to protect the Colombian state, enforce the law with constitutional mandate, maintain and ensure the conditions necessary for freedom and the public right and to ensure peaceful cohabitation among the population.
Colombia can communicate with the Police by calling toll-free: 112 (national) or 123 (from BogotÃÆ'¡, Bucaramanga, Cucuta, Pereira, Cali and Medellin). When it comes to kidnapping, the GAULA group can be reached at 165. They can also be contacted via the Internet to record suggestions, requests, questions, compliments or complaints using "Sistema de Peticiones, Quejas, Reclamos y Sugerencias (PQRS)"
Video National Police of Colombia
History
Creation in the 19th Century
During the second half of the 19th century Colombia underwent many political changes and struggles to define itself as a nation. Tensions between the two main political parties, the Colombian Liberal Party and the Conservative Party of Colombia, escalated into many civil wars that tried to build a political system between federalism or centralism and other major differences.
Colombian National Police was founded by Act 90 of 1888 to be under government orders and as dependence of the Government Ministry was then intended to function as a gendarmerie for BogotÃÆ'¡.
The new institution is planned to be a force of 300 policemen divided into three companies; commanded by a captain, two lieutenants and a second lieutenant, all ordered by two high-ranking officers.
On October 23, 1890, acting president Carlos HolguÃÆ'n Mallarino approved an authorization law to recruit qualified trainers from the United States or Europe to organize and train the newly formed National Police. Colombian officials chose a French commissioner named Jean Marie Marcelin Gilibert. This institution was formally established with a decree of 1000 dated November 5, 1891.
The initial mission of the National Police is to keep people calm, protect people and public and private property. By constitutional law, institutions must uphold and guarantee the rights of the people, their constitutions and laws, and obey their authority. Its function also includes the authority to take action to prevent crimes and to prosecute and arrest lawbreakers. The National Police is meant to recognize no rights or differences among the general population. The only exception is for international treaties stipulated in the Constitution which immunize members of diplomatic missions.
After the civil war broke out in 1895 during the presidency of Rafael NÃÆ'ºÃÆ'  ± ez, the president was absent and Miguel Antonio Caro took over the post. Caro declared a general emergency in which the authority of the National Police was transferred to the Ministry of War on January 21, 1896, and its members received the same privileges as military personnel.
When the aged president Manuel Antonio Sanclemente was replaced by Vice President JosÃÆ'Â Â © Manuel MarroquÃÆ'n, who assumed the presidency, the National Police were restructured and organized in a military manner. Then transferred back to the Government Ministry. To ensure the security of Bogotá, the National Police is divided into seven districts to cover the whole city. Mutual funds called Caja de Gratificaciones are established to pay benefits to members of the service, financed by the penalties imposed on the civilian population. In 1899, the National Police had 944 agents divided into eight divisions.
20th Century
When the greatest civil war broke out, known as the Thousand Day War (1899-1902), the National Police were again assigned to the Ministry of War until 6 September 1901. Based on the 1380 Decree on September 16, 1902 the National Police created the Presidential Palace of Honor Guard Corps under the name < i> Guardia Civil de la Ciudad de BogotÃÆ'¡ (Civil Guard of Bogotá city).
During the presidency of Rafael Reyes, the government endorsed with a decision of 743 in 1904, the transfer of Police to the Ministry of War, with the president managing the agency micro. With the authorization of Law 43, the Police Justice Police was established under the dependence of the National Police General Command to investigate crimes within its jurisdiction.
From 1906 to 1909 the government created a cloning institution with a function similar to the National Police called the National Military Police Corps (Cuerpo de Gendarmeria Nacional ) intended to function decentralized from the command of the National Police and a more militaristic, managed regime. by the Ministry of War. When General Jorge HolguÃÆ'n pressed on the National Gendarmerie Corps, the provincial governors were authorized to organize police services at their own free will.
Law 14 was signed on 4 November 1915 defining the function of the National Police to "keep the peace of society in BogotÃÆ'¡ and elsewhere where it is necessary to perform its functions, protect the citizens and assist constitutional law by enforcing it and the judicial branch of the government." The institution is divided into three groups; the first responsible for security and vigilance functions, the second group acting as civilian gendarmerie guards whose primary responsibility is protecting the postal service and controlling the prison system. The third group functions as a judicial police. In 1916 the institute was trained by the Civil Guardia Civil in their doctrine, especially related to criminology. Two years later in 1918, they were restructured by Decree 1628 on 9 October 1918, assigning duties, sub-directions and duties of the Inspector General to the officers seconded to the Colombian National Army - thereby becoming the basis for the Prussian style uniforms worn today.. Later in the same year, as authorized by Act 74 of 19 November 1919, the Colombian president hired a French instructor and chief detective, who is an expert in anthropometric systems to train the National Police.
In 1924, the Criminal Investigation School was established to update personnel working in this field. In 1929 the Colombian government agreed with the Argentine government, hired Enrique Medina Artola to train the Colombian Police in dactilography to replace the anthropometric system. In 1934 in agreement with the Spanish government, the National Police were trained in scientific identification until 1948.
On 7 July 1937 by Decree 1277, the government authorized the creation of the General Santander Academy, which began operating in 1940 as an institution for every police force that recruited the force. In 1939, the Colombian government accepted its first cooperation agreement with the United States, through a Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) committee headed by Edgar K. Thompson's agent.
El Bogotazo and La Violencia
In 1948 when civil unrest known as "El Bogotazo" broke out, after the assassination of popular presidential candidate Jorge Eliecer GaitÃÆ'¡n, the country's stability was suddenly disrupted. This resulted in a period of civil unrest known as La Violencia, which lasted for almost a decade. The government then decided to restructure the institution once again, with cooperation and advice from the UK. The British mission consists of Colonel Douglas Gordon, Colonel Eric M. Roger, Lieutenant Colonel Bertrand W.H. Dyer, Major Frederick H. Abbott and Major William Parham, were mainly assisted by Colombian lawyers Rafael EscallÃÆ'³n, TimoleÃÆ'³n Moncada, Carlos Losano Losano, Jorge and Enrique Gutià ©  © rrez Anzola.
By Decision 0446 dated February 14, 1950, the National Police created the GonzÃÆ'¡lo Jimà © à © nez de Quesada Non-Command School to train middle-level staff under the management of the Santander General National Police Academy. Military_Dictator, _Gustavo_Rojas_Pinilla "> Military Dictator, Gustavo Rojas Pinilla
On June 13, 1953, Lieutenant General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla seized power in a coup, assuming the function as President of Colombia. In an effort to better regulate military power, President Rojas declared Decree 1814 on the same day to formally rename and revamp the General Command of the Colombian Military Forces under the name of the General Command of the Colombian Armed Forces. It defines the conformation of the Armed Forces as comprising the Army, Navy, Air Force and National Police, the latter assigned to the Ministry of War once again as the fourth military force, functioning with its own independent budget and organization, separate from other branches as defined by law. The War Ministry was later renamed the Ministry of Defense. Many Police Academies are planned and built in other cities in Colombia; in 1953 the Police Academy Antonio NariÃÆ'Â ± o at Barranquilla and Police Academy Alejandro GutiÃÆ' Â © rrez in Manizales opened, followed by social plans for pensions and social security called Caja de Sueldos de la Policia Nacional by Decree 417 of 1954. Academy Eduardo Cuevas then opened in 1955 in the town of Villavicencio and the Academy of Carlos HolguÃÆ'n in MedellÃÆ'n opened in 1958. During this year the mission of cooperation arrived from Chile to reorganize and train the Carabinier Corps in urban and rural surveillance.
As stipulated in Act 193 of 30 December 1959, the Colombian nation assumes full financial responsibility for the National Police.
Colombian Armed Conflict
In 1964, as mandated by Decree 349 of 19 February, the Police Academy was established to indoctrinate officers with the rank of Major for the Lieutenant Colonel class. In 1977, the agency had created the first course for female officers.
During the 1960s and 1970s, the National Police began to face the guerrilla threats that have emerged during these years as a counterattack of La Violencia's year-long political bipartisan struggle. There is also a growing problem of illegal drug trafficking and trafficking and US involvement with the implementation of the LASO Plan as a proxy war plan against the expansion of Communism during the Cold War. Subsequently, the Declaration of War on Drugs and the Plan of Colombia will ultimately help develop the current and ongoing current Colombian Armed Conflicts involving mainly guerrillas: the FARC-EP includes the Patriotic Unity Party, the ELN, the EPL, the M-19, among many others; Drug Cartels such as MedellÃÆ'n Cartel, Cali Cartel, and others; paramilitarism and AUC. Colombian National Police have been fighting against many threats, tainted or involved in some cases of corruption and allegations of human rights abuses, amid the efforts of the majority of institutions to change their image.
1990's drive repair
During periods of weak consecutive presidency, several members of the Colombian National Police were accused of involvement in many cases of corruption, including guerrilla collaboration; paramilitarism and the purge of the left-wing Patriotic Union Party, among other cases; and corruption generated by illegal money from drug cartels or other criminal activities. CNP becomes unbelievable by the Colombian general population and the country faces intense conflict or full-scale civil war.
To prevent this situation, the institute embarked on a process of change focusing on reviving the values ​​and principles of the institution, largely led by General Rosso Jose Serrano. The Colombian problem calls for a strong government with strong institutions to deal with violations of the constitution and the population at large. The first step towards this path is the degradation of the evil police inside the forces and targeting the major criminal organizations. The institute is also focused on providing better benefits for the police and their families; and special efforts to restore public confidence in the police force, emphasizing crime prevention, educating the population and police in good relationships, environmental monitoring, cooperation, and community development.
Since 1995, the National Police has begun to change the norms, structures and standard operating procedures, basically on the police assessment to achieve the mission and encourage those who are willing to work with unconditional services, integrity, leadership, and the vision of increasing the population in general..
The National Police continue to experience some issues of corruption and human rights but considerable improvements, including education of personnel in law enforcement agencies of other countries and educational institutions through cooperative agreements. The institution is also deeply involved in Plan Colombia.
The 2007 Wiretapping Wizard
In May 2007, Revista Semana released an illegal tapping transcript from an imprisoned paramilitary leader. After confessing his knowledge of the tap, commander Jorge Daniel Castro was asked to resign, along with General Guillermo Chavez Ocana, chief of intelligence. General Oscar Naranjo Trujillo, a relatively junior general, was named to replace Castro. Due to police regulations, Naranjo's appointment requires additional retirement from 10 senior generals.
Maps National Police of Colombia
Ratings
Officer
The Colombian National Police Corps officers formed the institute's commanding level, starting with the rank of sub-lieutenant, and ascending through lieutenant, captain, major, lieutenant colonel, colonel, brigadier general, major general, lieutenant general to the end and general upper classes. This branch is responsible for the administrative area of ​​the institution and its public relations.
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Executive
The executive branch is formed by the principal officer of the National Police of Colombia, assigned to politically appointed duties, and may or may not actually be a professional police officer. In these circumstances, there is often a professional police chief responsible for day-to-day operations.
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Listed
The National Police Branch of Colombia is in charge of carrying out operations and functions under the command of the officers.
Police Help
- Auxiliar de PolicÃÆ''Ã,: Police Aid: The conscripts serving their army service are required by the National Police for 18 (eighteen) months, performing other activities as professional members of the institution. They use small arms, clubs (Tonfa), and in public policing areas or police station guards, using long-range weapons (rifles).
- Auxiliar de PolicÃÆ'a Bachiller: Auxiliary Police Scholar: Provide his conscription service at the National Police for 12 (12) months of community activity, such as traffic control and other police activities. Not using firearms.
Organization
The National Police is a civilian armed police service, with a hierarchical structure, similar to the Colombian Military Forces. CNP is headed by the National Police General, designated by the President of the Republic, and must become a General Officer of the Institute.
Because of their national jurisdiction, the police spread in its coverage: (8) Regional Police, (5) and Metropolitan Police (34) Police Department, including Uraba region.
Directorate General (DIPON), divided into six directorate support services (administrative), eight operational directions, direction of education counselor and five offices:
- Operational Level:
- Citizen Security Directorate (DISEC) - Directorate of Citizen Security (DISEC)
- Directorate of Carabineros y Seguridad - Director of Carabiner and Rural Security
- The Directorate of Criminal Investigations and Interpol (DICIL) - The Directorate of Criminal Investigation and Interpol
- Police Intelligence Directorate (DIPOL) - Police Intelligence Directorate (DIPOL)
- Directorate of Anti-Narcotics (DIRAN) - Directorate of Anti-Narcotics (DIRAN)
- Directorate of Special Services and Protection (DIPRO) - Directorate of Special Protection and Services (DIPRO)
- Directorate of Anti-Kidnapping and Anti-Extortion - Directorate of Anti-Kidnapping and Anti-Extortion
- Directorate of Traffic and Transportation - Directorate of Traffic and Transportation
- Administrative level:
- Financial Administration and Management (DIRAF) - Directorate of Administration and Finance
- Directorate of Human Talents (DITAH) - Directorate of Human Abilities
- Directorate of Health (DISAN) - Health Directorate
- Directorate of Social Welfare (DIBIE) - Directorate of Social Welfare
- Establishment of Directorate (DINCO) - Directorate of Establishment
- Office advisor:
- General Inspection (INSGE) - Inspector General
- Planning Office (OFPLA) - Planning Office
- General Secretary (SEGEN) - Secretary General
- Telematic Office (OFITE) - TeleCommunications Office
- Office of Strategic Communication (COEST) - Office of Strategic Communication
Custom Group
The following Special or Special Group is on CNP:
- "COPES" Special Operations Command - Special Operations Command
- "EMCAR" Carabinier mobile squads - Carabinier Car Squadron
- "JUNGLA" Company Jungle Antinarcotics - Anti-narcotic Forest Company
- "GAULA" Integrated Action Group for Personal Freedom - Integrated Action Group for Rescue Personnel
- "ESMAD" Mobile anti-riot squad - Mobile Riot Squadron
- "POLCA" Highway Police - Highway Police
- "POLFA" Fiscal and Customs Police - Fiscal and Customs Police
- "SAPOL" Air Service Police - Police Air Service
See also: Search Block - Search Block
Regional Organization
- Police Region
- RegiÃÆ'³n from PolicÃÆ'a No. 1 - Region Police 1 headquartered in Bogota
- Police Territory No. 2 - Police Region 2 is headquartered in Neiva
- Police Territory No. 3 - Police Area 3 headquartered in Pereira
- Police Territory No. 4 - Police Region 4 headquartered in Cali
- Police Territory No. 5 - Police Area 5 headquartered in Cucuta
- Police Territory No. 6 - Police Region 6 headquartered in Medellin
- Police Territory No. 7 - Police Area 7 headquartered in Villavicencio
- Police Territory No. 8 - Region 8 Police Headquartered in Barranquilla Metropolitan Police There are orders in Bogota, Tunja, Medellin, Cali, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Cucuta, Pereira, Bucaramanga, Santa Marta AburrÃÆ'¡ Valle, Pereira, Ibaguà © , Neiva, Villavicencio, Pasto and PopayÃÆ'¡n. This was led by either Colonel or Brigadier General.
- PolicÃÆ'a Department - Police Department - Every 32 Colombian departments have a Command Police Department full of Colonel Commanding officers, with Uraba and Magdalena Medio having their own police command department so the amount for 34.
- Comando Operativo de Seguridad Ciudadana - Public Safety Operational Command
- Distrito de PolicÃÆ'a - Police District
- EstaciÃÆ'³n de PolicÃÆ'a - Police Station
- SubestaciÃÆ'³n de PolicÃÆ'a - Police Station
- Comandos de AtenciÃÆ'³n Inmediata - CAI - An immediate attention prompt
- Puesto de PolicÃÆ'a - Police Station
- Armed Speedboat.
- Transport trucks.
- Armored vehicles.
- The buffalo faucet controls the vehicle
- Pick-Up Trucks for rural transportation.
- Toyota Prado and Nissan Patrol Trucks for patrols.
- van to transport prisoners and metropolitan work.
- Bus to transport prisoners from prison to prison.
- Chevrolet Optra works for metropolitan and mistreatment.
- High-powered motorcycle.
- Barracks and installations are protected at the national level. It also has CAI'so urban security positions (small stations) in different districts to attend emergencies quickly.
- Mk 19 Pomegranate Launcher
- Pelican Granat M79
- Milk MGL
- IMI Negev
- GAU-17
- M240
- M249 SAW
- M60 Machine Gun
- GAU-19
- M1919 Browning senapan mesin
- M2 Browning
- Heckler & amp; Koch HK21
- Ultimax 100
- FN MAG
- MG 42
- Vektor SS-77
- M4 karabin
- M16 rifle variants M16A2, M16A3
- IMI Galil varian AR, SAR, ARM
- Galil ACE
- IMI Tavor-TAR-21
- Uzi
- Walther MP
- HK MP5
- TDI vector
- Micro Tavor
- Colt M1911
- Jericho 941
- CZ 45
- SIG Sauer P228 (M11)
- SIG Sauer Pro variants 2009 and 2022
- SIGER Sauer P226
- CZ 75variant BD
- Smith & amp; Wesson 459
- Uberti Revolvers
- Air Tractor AT-802
- ATR 42
- Ayres S2R-T45 Turbo Thrush
- Basler BT-67 (produced by Basler Turbo Conversions is basically an updated Douglas DC-3 airframe.)
- Cessna TU206G Stationair
- Beechcraft 1900D
- Beechcraft B300 King Air
- Beechcraft 200 Super King Air
- Beechcraft C99
- Cessna 208B Grand Caravan
- Cessna 152
- de Havilland Canada DHC-6-300 Twin Otter
- Fairchild SA227-AC Metro III
- Fairchild C-26
- MD Helicopters MD-530F Lifter and MD-500D
- Bell OH-58s and Bell 206B Ranger, Bell 206L Longranger
- Bell UH-1Hs, Bell 212, Bell 412
- Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk
- The Civil Guard (Colombia), created in 1902
- Official website (in Spanish)
- Official website (in English)
Both are divided as follows:
School
Colombian National Police has 18 different educational facilities throughout Colombia.
General Santander Academy
The Santander General National Police Academy is the main educational center for the National Police of Colombia. The academy serves as a university for the formation of its forces, with a primary focus on the officers. It is located in BogotÃÆ'¡.
NCO National Police School "Gonzalo Jimenez de Quesada"
Based in Sibatà © Å ©, Cundinamarca Department, National NCO Police School trains all active non-commissioned personnel from the National Police in police science, basic police training and appropriate methods of policing.
National Carabinier School "Alfonso Lopez Pumarejo"
The National Carabinier School with its campus at FacatativÃÆ'¡ in Cundinamarca trains Carabiniers Colombia, a rugged and rural National Police branch dedicated to maintaining law and order in the country's rural community, and one of the oldest components, established in 1841, 50 years before the advent of National Police.
National Police Staff School
Placed in Bogota, the nation's capital, it trains all senior national police officers in preparation for them to accept higher responsibilities.
Bogota Metropolitan Police Academy "Lieutenant Colonel Ernesto Guevara Castro JuliÃÆ'¡n"
The Metropolitan Police Academy of Bogota trains all officers, executive staff and police to serve in the capital.
Sumapaz Provincial Police Academy
With the campus at FusagasugÃÆ'¡, Sumapaz Province, Cundinamarca, it is one of the most prominent police academies in the National Police, trains men and women in public security and police skills in provinces and throughout the Greater Bogota region.
Antonio NariÃÆ' Â ± o Police Academy
Placed in Soledad, Atlántico, this police academy trains police agents and future executive staff who are not assigned to ministry in the Greater Barranquilla region.
National Police Training School
Located in the municipality of Mariquita, Tolima, he trains police agents, exceptional service personnel, and officers for service at Police Air Service.
Tools
Transportation
Personal Weapons
Grenadier Peluncur:
Machine Guns:
senapan:
Light machine guns:
Gun:
Inventory airplane
Servicio AÃ © Ã © reo de Policia (SAPOL) operates 39 fixed wing aircraft and 65 helicÃÆ'³pters
Fixed-wing
Helicopter
Historical Civil Guard is now abolished
References
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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